Abstract: »The following analysis focuses on the relationship between propaganda, intangible incentives, and rape. While previous studies have explored causes for rape, there is little research which explains propaganda and intangible incentives as probable causes. The application of propaganda and intangible incentives, helps to understand how regular soldiers can be convinced to rape, which emotions and ideals are evoked and how rape satisfies those ideals. The three conflicts on which this paper will focus, the Rwandan Genocide, the Bosnian War, and the Russo-Ukrainian War, were all preceded by state created propaganda which was broadcasted to the entire population. The exploration of this propaganda focuses on the emotions which the narratives evoke and how those narratives lead to the creation of intangible incentives. This connection is later applied to the rapes during all three conflicts to prove that propaganda and intangible incentives play a significant role in rape during conflict.« (Source: Jagiellonian University Repository)

Wikipedia: History of Africa: History of Rwanda | History of Europe: History of Bosnia and Herzegovina / Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina | History of Europe: History of Russia / History of the Russian Federation | History of Europe: History of Ukraine / Modern history of Ukraine | Communication: Propaganda / Propaganda during the Yugoslav Wars, Propaganda in the Russo-Ukrainian War | Genocide: Rwandan Genocide / Rape during the Rwandan genocide | Sex and the law: Rape / Wartime sexual violence | War: Bosnian War / Rape during the Bosnian War | War: Russo-Ukrainian War / Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine